Comparing Equalizers

 

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Hearing Loss x Music
(my experience)

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I have a moderate hearing loss in the high frequencies. I realized that, through the use of equalizers, I could improve my pleasure of listening to music. 

This fact made me very interested in the effects of different equalizers.

Below I describe the method I created in order to see the real effects of the equalizers and/or tone controls of a computer program / sound equipment:

 

  • To generate a test wave file with any frequencies you wish:

  1. download the latest version of GoldWave from www.goldwave.com .

  2. select "file", then "new file" and specify a length of 1 second.

  3. in the "tool" menu, select "expression evaluator". In the "presets" box, select "waves" and then "Sine, f = hz". Put a number in the "f" field (putting, for example, 2000 will create a sine wave of 2 kHz) and click ok.

  4. save the file (e.g. 02000hz.wav).

  5. repeat step 3, putting a different number for "f" - e.g. "3000". Click ok and the new sine wave will be created over the previous one.

  6. save file with new name (e.g. 03000hz.wav).

  7. repeat steps 5 and 6 until you have many 1-second wave files, each with a different frequency.

  8. repeat step 2 to create a new, blank, 1-second wave file.

  9. keep this file opened and open all files you created before. Use "window" - "tile" menu commands to make all waves visible at once.

  10. select the lower frequency file (e.g. 00100hz.wav) and select "copy". Select the new blank wave file and use "ctrl-E" to past the frequency at the end of the new file.

  11. Open the next lower frequency wave (e.g. 00400hz.wav), select copy, select the new wave file and use "ctrl-E" to past the 2nd frequency just after the end of the previous one. 

  12. repeat step 11 for all the other wave files you created. At the end you will have a longer wave file, like image 1.

  13. to finalize,  go to the "effect" menu, select "volume", "change" and select "-12.041 db". This will give you some margin so that you can equalize the file later, without "clipping" the louder parts. 

  14. save the resulting file, and you got it! A test wave file in which the first second is blank and the next seconds correspond each one to a different frequency, in ascending order.


Image 1 - the test wave file. I wrote the numbers on the blue bar to show which frequencies I used.

 

  • To analyze the effect of a program equalizer (e.g. Winamp):

  1. open Winamp and adjust the equalizer controls;

  2. open a program your computer have to record wave files. If necessary, adjust the mixing/record level controls;

  3. start the recorder (click on the "record" button), and then make Winamp start playing the test wave; 

  4. use GoldWave to open the equalized wave file you just recorded. You will get something like this:


Image 2 - test wave file as output by Sonique, with one of my equalization settings.

The above image (and other images I generated with equalization settings that I found the most pleasant for me) showed me something a little surprising: despite the fact my hearing loss is deeper between 4 and 6 kHz, a music sounds me best when I equalize it mainly between 2 and 3 kHz.

 

  • To analyze the effect of a table equalizer, or the effects of the bass/treble controls of a receiver, etc:

  1. record your test file to an "audio-format" CD-R;

  2. connect the "line out" of the equipment you wish to test to the "line in" input of your computer sound board. Depending on the equipment, you may need to connect the headphone output of it to you sound board line in (in many receivers, for example, bass and treble control only affect headphones output and the speakers outputs - they have no effects on "line out" outputs); 

  3. open a program your computer have to record wave files;

  4. start the recorder (click on the "record" button), and then make your CD-player play the test wave (now rather a "test track", as you record it in Audio CD mode); 

  5. use GoldWave to open the equalized wave file you just recorded.

 

  • Consider registering GoldWave! It is shareware, not freeware, and it is really a good program. 



  • Nominal equalization bands: Sonique x Windows Media Player 9 x Winamp 5


 20-band:
 Sonique 46 93 124 165 220 294 392 523 698 931 1241 1655 2207 2943 3924 5232 6976 9302 12 16

 

 10-band:   
 WMP 31 62 125 250 500 1 2 4 8 16
 Winamp 60 170 310 600 1 3 6 12 14 16

 

You will find a better comparison of the equalization bands of each program in this image.
(I rounded Sonique values in order to make the image easier to read).

 

  • Be very careful when using equalizers, specially at louder volumes! I use them for normal hearing levels - up to 80 db, meaning that even the boosted frequencies are within safe levels for normal periods of time. Keep in mind that if you use equalizers at louder levels, the boosted frequencies - exactly those you already have loss in - will reach dangerous levels, and the "solution" will make your problem worse!

     

  • Read more about hearing loss and musical hearing here.

     

     

    © ACBA, 2004.

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    (last version: Dec 26, 2004)